Chronology of Events in the Evolution of the Black Consciousness Movement.

1946 - Birth of Bantu Stephen Biko ( 18 December)

1960 - Sharpville massacre, banning of the ANC and the PAC

1967 - Formation of the University Christian Movement (UCM)

1968 - Formation of SASO ( Natal, December)

1969 - Official inauguration of SASO (Turfloop, 1 July)

1970 - First General Council of SASO (Natal, July)

1971 - Launch of the Black Community Programmes

1972 - Expulsion of Onkgopotse Tiro from the University of the North

1972 - Widespread university student revolt

1972 - SASO General Students Council (Hammanskraal)

1972 - Launch of the Black Allied Workers Union

1972 - Launching Conference of the Black People’s Convention (December)

1972 - Tragic death of Mthuli ka Shezi (16 December)

1972 - Mass strike by Black workers in Natal

1973 - Banning of Steve Biko and several SASO/BPC leaders

1974 - Assassination of Onkgopotse Tiro (Botswana, 1 February)

1974 - Mass participation in the VIVA-FRELIMO Rallies

1974 - Mass arrest of SASO/BPC leaders across South Africa

1975 - Proceeding of the SASO/BPC Trial (Pretoria Supreme Court)

1976 - Conviction of SASO/BPC leaders, jailed on Robben Island

1976 - Death in detention of Mapetla Mohapi (5 August)

1976 - Black student revolt, nationwide resistance (16 June)

1977 - Death in detention of Steve Biko (12 September)

1977 - Mass banning of all BC organisations (19 October)

1978 - Formation of AZAPO (Johannesburg, 28 April)

1980 - Formation of the BCMA (London, UK, 12 April)

1983 - Launching of the National Forum (June)

1983 - Launching of AZASM (2 July)

1987 - Launching of AZAYO

1988 - Banning of AZAPO and AZAYO

1988 - Formation of the Azanian Co-ordinating Committee

1989 - Murder of Dr Abu-Baker Asvat (Soweto, 27 January)

1990 - Unbanning of all Black liberation organisations (2 February)

1990 - Tragic death of Muntu ka-Myeza (Free State, 3 July)

1991 - Launching of AZASCO (Medical University of South Africa, Pretoria)

1994 - Dissolution of the BCMA into AZAPO (Shaft 17, Soweto, 9 October)

Sources, Quest for True Humanity, selected Speeches & Writings, by Mosibudi Mangena. © 1996

Black Consciousness Movement Commemorative Days.

27^th January - Dr Abu-Baker’s Day

1^st February - Onkgopotse Tiro’s Day

8^th March - International Women’s Day

21^st March - Heros Day

28^th April - Azanian People’s Organisation Day

1^st May - International Workers Day

25^th May - Africa Liberation Day

16^th June - June 16th/Soweto Day

1^st July - Black Consciousness Day

3^rd July - Muntu ka-Myeza ‘s Day

5^th August - Mapetla Mohapi ‘s Day

9^th August - National Women’s Day

6^th - 12^th September - Black Consciousness Week

12^th September - Bantu Stephen Biko’s Day

19^th October - Black Solidarity Day

16^th December - Mthuli ka Shezi’s Day